Key Takeaways
- Approximately 6.1 million children aged 2-17 have received an ADHD diagnosis, many of whom are prescribed stimulants like Adderall
- Full-time college students aged 18 to 22 were twice as likely to abuse Adderall as their peers who were not full-time college students
- An estimated 2.5 million Americans misuse prescription stimulants annually
- Use of Adderall can increase heart rate by 10-15 beats per minute
- 40% of emergency room visits involving stimulants also involved alcohol
- Long-term Adderall misuse can lead to a 20% reduction in natural dopamine production
- 54% of college students who misuse stimulants get them from a friend with a prescription
- 15.6% of students with an ADHD prescription have been asked to sell or give away their medication
- Only 4% of college students obtain Adderall from a drug dealer
- Between 2006 and 2011, Adderall prescriptions in the U.S. rose from 30 million to 45 million
- Substance abuse costs the U.S. economy over $740 billion annually in lost productivity and healthcare
- 10% of high-income households report higher rates of Adderall misuse than low-income households
- Recovery from stimulant use disorder takes an average of 18 months for full brain chemistry stabilization
- 1.5 million people sought treatment for prescription stimulant misuse in 2020
- Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is 60% effective in treating stimulant addiction
Adderall abuse is alarmingly prevalent among students and young adults.
Economic and Societal Impact
Economic and Societal Impact Interpretation
Health Impacts and Risks
Health Impacts and Risks Interpretation
Prevalence and Demographics
Prevalence and Demographics Interpretation
Sources and Distribution
Sources and Distribution Interpretation
Treatment and Recovery
Treatment and Recovery Interpretation
Sources & References
- Reference 1CDCcdc.govVisit source
- Reference 2SAMHSAsamhsa.govVisit source
- Reference 3DRUGABUSEdrugabuse.govVisit source
- Reference 4ACADEMICacademic.oup.comVisit source
- Reference 5HOPKINSMEDICINEhopkinsmedicine.orgVisit source
- Reference 6MONITORINGTHEFUTUREmonitoringthefuture.orgVisit source
- Reference 7NCBIncbi.nlm.nih.govVisit source
- Reference 8PSYCHIATRIICTIMESpsychiatriictimes.comVisit source
- Reference 9NATIONALEATINGDISORDERSnationaleatingdisorders.orgVisit source
- Reference 10NCAAncaa.orgVisit source
- Reference 11THETREVORPROJECTthetrevorproject.orgVisit source
- Reference 12MILITARYMEDICINEmilitarymedicine.comVisit source
- Reference 13NATUREnature.comVisit source
- Reference 14SHRMshrm.orgVisit source
- Reference 15FDAfda.govVisit source
- Reference 16NIMHnimh.nih.govVisit source
- Reference 17HEARTheart.orgVisit source
- Reference 18NEJMnejm.orgVisit source
- Reference 19ACCESSDATAaccessdata.fda.govVisit source
- Reference 20MENTALHEALTHmentalhealth.govVisit source
- Reference 21SLEEPFOUNDATIONsleepfoundation.orgVisit source
- Reference 22MAYOCLINICmayoclinic.orgVisit source
- Reference 23AHAJOURNALSahajournals.orgVisit source
- Reference 24JAACAPjaacap.comVisit source
- Reference 25HEALTHLINEhealthline.comVisit source
- Reference 26PSYCHOLOGYTODAYpsychologytoday.comVisit source
- Reference 27AADaad.orgVisit source
- Reference 28WEBMDwebmd.comVisit source
- Reference 29PSps.psychiatryonline.orgVisit source
- Reference 30PENNMEDICINEpennmedicine.orgVisit source
- Reference 31DSM5dsm5.orgVisit source
- Reference 32ENDOCRINEendocrine.orgVisit source
- Reference 33UROLOGYHEALTHurologyhealth.orgVisit source
- Reference 34LIVERTOXlivertox.nih.govVisit source
- Reference 35SCIENCEDIRECTsciencedirect.comVisit source
- Reference 36THYROIDthyroid.orgVisit source
- Reference 37MARCHOFDIMESmarchofdimes.orgVisit source
- Reference 38POISONpoison.orgVisit source
- Reference 39INSIDEHIGHEREDinsidehighered.comVisit source
- Reference 40FORBESforbes.comVisit source
- Reference 41HEALTHYCHILDRENhealthychildren.orgVisit source
- Reference 42JOURNALOFADOLESCENTHEALTHjournalofadolescenthealth.orgVisit source
- Reference 43DRUGFREEdrugfree.orgVisit source
- Reference 44EDed.govVisit source
- Reference 45DEAdea.govVisit source
- Reference 46APAapa.orgVisit source
- Reference 47STATNEWSstatnews.comVisit source
- Reference 48GETSMARTABOUTDRUGSgetsmartaboutdrugs.govVisit source
- Reference 49BMJbmj.comVisit source
- Reference 50SAFEKIDSsafekids.orgVisit source
- Reference 51NYTIMESnytimes.comVisit source
- Reference 52FEDERALREGISTERfederalregister.govVisit source
- Reference 53UNODCunodc.orgVisit source
- Reference 54MARKETWATCHmarketwatch.comVisit source
- Reference 55HCUP-UShcup-us.ahrq.govVisit source
- Reference 56BCBSbcbs.comVisit source
- Reference 57GRANDVIEWRESEARCHgrandviewresearch.comVisit source
- Reference 58NSCnsc.orgVisit source
- Reference 59ESPNespn.comVisit source
- Reference 60RANDrand.orgVisit source
- Reference 61ACADEMICINTEGRITYacademicintegrity.orgVisit source
- Reference 62KFFkff.orgVisit source
- Reference 63QUESTDIAGNOSTICSquestdiagnostics.comVisit source
- Reference 64REPORTERreporter.nih.govVisit source
- Reference 65NHTSAnhtsa.govVisit source
- Reference 66FIERCEPHARMAfiercepharma.comVisit source
- Reference 67BLOOMBERGbloomberg.comVisit source
- Reference 68STATISTAstatista.comVisit source
- Reference 69BJSbjs.ojp.govVisit source
- Reference 70WSJwsj.comVisit source
- Reference 71ADDITUDEMAGadditudemag.comVisit source
- Reference 72SURGEONGENERALsurgeongeneral.govVisit source
- Reference 73FINDTREATMENTfindtreatment.govVisit source
- Reference 74NAna.orgVisit source
- Reference 75PSYCHIATRYpsychiatry.orgVisit source






